Gliders

History

Starting in 2024, SATS data are complemented by observations collected by two gliders, which expand both the temporal and spatial resolution of sampling, as well as the range of chemical and biological variables measured at the observatory.

A glider is an autonomous underwater vehicle equipped with oceanographic and biogeochemical sensors that travels through the ocean collecting data and transmitting them to shore via satellite. Thanks to its low energy consumption, it can cover thousands of kilometers over several weeks autonomously, while being remotely supervised from land. Once a mission has been programmed, the glider is deployed at sea, where it moves in a dives (yo-yo) pattern from the surface down to depths of up to 1,000 meters, collecting physical and biogeochemical observations of the ocean. At regular intervals, it surfaces to transmit its position and data via satellite. At the end of the mission, the glider is recovered at its last reported position. The gliders are named Jimena and Juan. Jimena pays tribute to Jimena Quirós, the first Spanish oceanographer, who was already studying the waters off Santander in 1932. Juan honors Juan de Santander, also known as Juan de Cueto, one of the few sailors who survived the first circumnavigation of the globe led by Ferdinand Magellan and Juan Sebastián Elcano.

From the LAB facilities located in the Corbanera neighborhood, gliders are controlled, monitored, and maintained.

Explore the data visualization obtained from our gliders.

Technical Specifications.

A glider has no propeller or internal motor. Instead, it uses a pump and a buoyancy bladder—similar to that of fish—to change its buoyancy, allowing it to ascend and descend through the water column. This vertical movement, combined with the ability to shift the position of the internal batteries, enables the glider to move through the ocean in a dive (yo-yo) trajectory with minimal energy consumption. Glider missions are designed prior to deployment, including parameters such as route, target depth, ascent and descent rates, and the type of data to be collected and transmitted. Once deployed, gliders are piloted remotely from shore, where mission parameters can be adjusted if needed. Communication with the glider via satellite is bidirectional: the glider transmits collected data to shore, while updated mission parameters can be sent from land, received, and acknowledged by the vehicle.

PARAMETER

FEATURES

PARAMETER

Dimensions

FEATURES

0.25 x 2 m + 1 m antena

PARAMETER

Wingspan

FEATURES

56.5 cm (sin alas)

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Weight

FEATURES

59 kg (en aire)

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Communications

FEATURES

GPS / Satélite (Iridium) / Radio / Triple antena

PARAMETER

Navigation Modes

FEATURES

Survey / Virtual mooring / Drifting / Bottoming

PARAMETER

Safety

FEATURES

Drop weight release and strobe light. OPTIONAL: ULB and/or Argos

PARAMETER

Hardware Architecture

FEATURES

Two independent low-power CPUs (payload and navigation)

PARAMETER

Maximum Depth

FEATURES

1000 m

PARAMETER

Ballast Volume

FEATURES

1000 ml (± 500 ml)

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Speed

FEATURES

Normal 0.5 kt / Máximo 1 kt

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Battery

FEATURES

Li-ion recargable

PARAMETER

Endurance (range/duration)

FEATURES

~1700 km (110 days). Endurance depends strongly on sensors, sampling strategy, and mission environment

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General Features

FEATURES

  • Up to 6 sensors in two sections (wet and dry): 9 L / 8 kg
  • Altimeter
  • Open-source firmware (C++) / Independent Linux CPU
  • Compressed CSV (native format)
  • Data download via cable
  • External Ethernet (no need to open the vehicle)

Sensors

PARAMETER

MANUFACTURER

MODEL

PARAMETER

Conductivity (mS/m)
Temperature (°C)
Depth (dbar)

MANUFACTURER

RBR

MODEL

RBR_LEGATO

PARAMETER

Dissolved Oxygen (µmol/L)

MANUFACTURER

RBR

MODEL

RBR_CODA_T_ODO

PARAMETER

Chlorophyll – CDOM – Backscattering

MANUFACTURER

Wetlabs

MODEL

ECO Puck FLBBCD – EXP